Files
weather-base-station/tools/geometry.py
T

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6.2 KiB
Python

# tools/geometry.py
from dataclasses import dataclass
@dataclass
class Point:
"""Represents a 2D point in a Cartesian coordinate system."""
x: float
y: float
class Line:
"""Represents a finite line segment between two Points."""
def __init__(self, p1: Point, p2: Point) -> None:
self.p1 = p1
self.p2 = p2
def distance_to_point(self, point: Point) -> float:
"""
Calculates the shortest distance from this line segment to a given point.
Uses vector projection to find the closest point on the segment.
"""
x1, y1 = self.p1.x, self.p1.y
x2, y2 = self.p2.x, self.p2.y
x3, y3 = point.x, point.y
# If the line is actually just a single point
if x1 == x2 and y1 == y2:
return ((x1 - x3) ** 2 + (y1 - y3) ** 2) ** 0.5
px, py = x2 - x1, y2 - y1
norm = px * px + py * py
# Calculate the projection scalar (u) of the point onto the line
u = ((x3 - x1) * px + (y3 - y1) * py) / float(norm)
# Clamp u to the [0, 1] range to ensure we stay on the line segment
u = max(0.0, min(1.0, u))
# Find the exact coordinates of the closest point on the segment
closest_x = x1 + u * px
closest_y = y1 + u * py
# Return distance from the target point to the closest point
dx, dy = closest_x - x3, closest_y - y3
return (dx * dx + dy * dy) ** 0.5
class LineString:
"""Represents a path formed by a sequence of connected line segments."""
def __init__(self, lines: list[list[float]]) -> None:
if len(lines) < 2:
raise ValueError("A LineString requires at least 2 coordinate pairs.")
self.lineList: list[Line] = []
for i in range(len(lines) - 1):
p1 = Point(lines[i][0], lines[i][1])
p2 = Point(lines[i + 1][0], lines[i + 1][1])
self.lineList.append(Line(p1, p2))
def distance_to(self, point: Point) -> float:
"""Calculates the minimum distance from the given point to the LineString."""
# Cleanly check the distance to all segments and return the smallest one
return min(line.distance_to_point(point) for line in self.lineList)
def is_intersecting(self, point: Point) -> bool:
"""Checks if a given point lies exactly on the LineString."""
return self.distance_to(point) == 0.0
class Polygon:
"""Represents a 2D shape enclosed by a series of connected points."""
def __init__(self, points: list[list[float]]) -> None:
self.listPoints: list[Point] = [Point(p[0], p[1]) for p in points]
def on_line(self, l1: Line, p: Point) -> bool:
"""Checks if collinear point 'p' lies strictly on the line segment 'l1'."""
return min(l1.p1.x, l1.p2.x) <= p.x <= max(l1.p1.x, l1.p2.x) and min(
l1.p1.y, l1.p2.y
) <= p.y <= max(l1.p1.y, l1.p2.y)
def direction(self, a: Point, b: Point, c: Point) -> int:
"""
Finds the orientation of an ordered triplet (a, b, c).
Returns:
0 : Collinear
1 : Clockwise
2 : Counterclockwise
"""
val = (b.y - a.y) * (c.x - b.x) - (b.x - a.x) * (c.y - b.y)
if val == 0:
return 0
return 2 if val < 0 else 1
def is_intersect(self, l1: Line, l2: Line) -> bool:
"""Checks if line segment l1 intersects with line segment l2."""
dir1 = self.direction(l1.p1, l1.p2, l2.p1)
dir2 = self.direction(l1.p1, l1.p2, l2.p2)
dir3 = self.direction(l2.p1, l2.p2, l1.p1)
dir4 = self.direction(l2.p1, l2.p2, l1.p2)
# General case intersection
if dir1 != dir2 and dir3 != dir4:
return True
# Special collinear cases
if dir1 == 0 and self.on_line(l1, l2.p1):
return True
if dir2 == 0 and self.on_line(l1, l2.p2):
return True
if dir3 == 0 and self.on_line(l2, l1.p1):
return True
if dir4 == 0 and self.on_line(l2, l1.p2):
return True
return False
def contains(self, p: Point) -> bool:
"""
Determines if a point is strictly inside the Polygon using the Ray-Casting algorithm.
Draws a horizontal line to the right of the point and counts edge intersections.
"""
n = len(self.listPoints)
if n < 3:
return False
# Create a horizontal ray starting from the point and going infinitely right
exline = Line(p, Point(99999.0, p.y))
count = 0
for i in range(n):
side = Line(self.listPoints[i], self.listPoints[(i + 1) % n])
if self.is_intersect(side, exline):
# If the point is collinear with the side, check if it's strictly on the side
if self.direction(side.p1, p, side.p2) == 0:
return self.on_line(side, p)
count += 1
# If the number of intersections is odd, the point is inside the polygon
return bool(count & 1)
class MultiPolygon:
"""Represents a collection of multiple separate Polygons."""
def __init__(self, polygons: list) -> None:
self.listPolygons: list[Polygon] = [Polygon(polygon[0]) for polygon in polygons]
def contains(self, p: Point) -> bool:
"""Returns True if the point is inside ANY of the contained Polygons."""
for polygon in self.listPolygons:
if polygon.contains(p):
return True
return False
@dataclass
class Coordinate:
"""
Custom type for the management of geographical coordinates.
Provides utility to switch between lat/long and x/y point spaces.
"""
lat: float
long: float
@property
def tuple(self) -> tuple[float, float]:
"""Returns the coordinates as a (Latitude, Longitude) tuple."""
return (self.lat, self.long)
def to_Point(self, reversed: bool = False) -> Point:
"""
Returns Coordinates mapped to a Cartesian Point.
Args:
reversed (bool): If True, switches orientation so x=long, y=lat.
Defaults to False (x=lat, y=long).
"""
return Point(self.long, self.lat) if reversed else Point(self.lat, self.long)